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Nat mark

’n Nat mark in Hongkong.

’n "Nat mark" (Engels: wet market of public market)[1][2][3] is ’n mark wat vars vleis, vis en ander bederfbare produkte verkoop (teenoor ’n "droë mark", wat niebederfbare goedere soos materiaal en elektroniese produkte verkoop).[4][5][6] Nie alle nat markte verkoop lewende diere nie,[1][7][8][9] maar die term word soms gebruik vir markte waar lewende diere verkoop en dan op versoek van die klant geslag word,[10][11][12] soos gebeur met pluimvee in Hongkong.[13] Dié markte is algemeen in baie dele van die wêreld,[14][15][7] veral in China, Suidoos-Asië en Suid-Asië.Dit sluit ’n groot verskeidenheid markte in, soos boeremarkte, vismarkte en dieremarkte.[1][8][16][17] Hulle is dikwels gewild vanweë lae pryse, die varsheid van die produkte, sosiale verkeer en plaaslike kulture.[1][2][3]

Die meeste nat markte dryf nie handel in wilde of eksotiese diere nie,[18][19] maar dié wat dit wel doen, is al verbind met die uitbreek van soönotiese siektes (siektes wat van diere aan die mens oorgedra word).[7][20] Een so ’n mark in Wuhan, China, het vermoedelik ’n rol gespeel in die covid-19-pandemie,[7][20] hoewel die moontlikheid dat die virus van elders af kom, steeds ondersoek word.[21][22][23] Nat markte in China is in 2003 verbied om wilde diere te verkoop ná die uitbreek van ears in 2002–2004, wat direk met dié praktyk verbind is.[20] Dié regulasies is opgehef en weer in 2020 ingestel,[20] terwyl ander lande soortgelyke beperkings voorgestel het.[24] Mediaberigte wat nie ’n onderskeid tref tussen alle nat markte en dié wat lewende of wilde diere verkoop nie, asook bespiegelings oor onwettige handel in wilde diere, word gekritiseer omdat hulle na bewering Sinofobie aangeblaas het.[8][25]

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Zhong, Taiyang; Si, Zhenzhong; Crush, Jonathan; Scott, Steffanie; Huang, Xianjin (2019). "Achieving urban food security through a hybrid public-private food provisioning system: the case of Nanjing, China". Food Security (in Engels). 11 (5): 1071–1086. doi:10.1007/s12571-019-00961-8. ISSN 1876-4517. S2CID 199492034.
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Morales, Alfonso (2009). "Public Markets as Community Development Tools". Journal of Planning Education and Research (in Engels). 28 (4): 426–440. doi:10.1177/0739456X08329471. ISSN 0739-456X. S2CID 154349026.
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Morales, Alfonso (2011). "Marketplaces: Prospects for Social, Economic, and Political Development". Journal of Planning Literature (in Engels). 26 (1): 3–17. doi:10.1177/0885412210388040. ISSN 0885-4122. S2CID 56278194.
  4. ↑ Wholesale Markets: Planning and Design Manual (Fao Agricultural Services Bulletin) (No 90)
  5. ↑ "wet, adj". Oxford English Dictionary. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 29 Maart 2020. Besoek op 29 Maart 2020. wet market n. South-East Asian a market for the sale of fresh meat, fish, and produce
  6. ↑ Brown, Allison (2001). "Counting Farmers Markets". Geographical Review. 91 (4): 655–674. doi:10.2307/3594724. JSTOR 3594724.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 "Why Wet Markets Are The Perfect Place To Spread Disease". NPR.org (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 1 April 2020. Besoek op 30 Maart 2020.
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Lynteris, Christos; Fearnley, Lyle (2 Maart 2020). "Why shutting down Chinese 'wet markets' could be a terrible mistake". The Conversation. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 April 2020. Besoek op 3 April 2020.
  9. ↑ Standaert, Michael (15 April 2020). "'Mixed with prejudice': calls for ban on 'wet' markets misguided, experts argue". The Guardian. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 April 2020. Besoek op 15 April 2020.
  10. ↑ Woo, Patrick CY; Lau, Susanna KP; Yuen, Kwok-yung (2006). "Infectious diseases emerging from Chinese wet-markets: zoonotic origins of severe respiratory viral infections". Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases (in Engels). 19 (5): 401–407. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000244043.08264.fc. ISSN 0951-7375. PMC 7141584. PMID 16940861.
  11. ↑ Wan, X.F. (2012). "Lessons from Emergence of A/Goose/Guangdong/1996-Like H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses and Recent Influenza Surveillance Efforts in Southern China: Lessons from Gs/Gd/96-like H5N1 HPAIVs". Zoonoses and Public Health (in Engels). 59: 32–42. doi:10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01497.x. PMC 4119829. PMID 22958248.
  12. ↑ Westcott, Ben; Wang, Serenitie (15 April 2020). "China's wet markets are not what some people think they are". CNN. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 April 2020. Besoek op 15 April 2020.
  13. ↑ "Study on the Way Forward of Live Poultry Trade in Hong Kong" (PDF). Food and Health Bureau. Maart 2017. Geargiveer (PDF) vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Mei 2020. Besoek op 7 April 2020.
  14. ↑ Rahman, Khaleda (28 Maart 2020). "PETA launches petition to shut down live animal markets that breed diseases like COVID-19". Newsweek. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 29 Maart 2020. Besoek op 29 Maart 2020.
  15. ↑ Reardon, Thomas; Timmer, C. Peter; Minten, Bart (31 Julie 2012). "Supermarket revolution in Asia and emerging development strategies to include small farmers". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (31): 12332–12337. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10912332R. doi:10.1073/pnas.1003160108. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3412023. PMID 21135250.
  16. ↑ Standaert, Michael (15 April 2020). "'Mixed with prejudice': calls for ban on 'wet' markets misguided, experts argue". The Guardian. Besoek op 8 Junie 2020.
  17. ↑ Dalton, Jane (2 April 2020). "Coronavirus: Indian street traders 'risking human health by slaughtering goats, lambs and chickens in squalid conditions'". The Independent. Besoek op 8 Junie 2020.
  18. ↑ Yu, Verna (16 April 2020). "What is a wet market?". Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 16 April 2020. Besoek op 16 April 2020. While "wet markets", where water is sloshed on produce to keep it cool and fresh, may be considered unsanitary by western standards, most do not trade in exotic or wild animals and should not be confused with "wildlife markets" – now the focus of vociferous calls for global bans.
  19. ↑ Maron, Dina Fine (15 April 2020). "'Wet markets' likely launched the coronavirus. Here's what you need to know". National Geographic. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 April 2020. Besoek op 20 April 2020.
  20. ↑ 20,0 20,1 20,2 20,3 Yu, Sun; Liu, Xinning (23 Februarie 2020). "Coronavirus piles pressure on China's exotic animal trade". Financial Times. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 17 April 2020. Besoek op 4 April 2020.
  21. ↑ Rincon, Paul (16 April 2020). "Coronavirus: Is there any evidence for lab release theory?". BBC. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 16 April 2020. Besoek op 16 April 2020.
  22. ↑ Lipton, Eric; Sanger, David E.; Haberman, Maggie; Shear, Michael D.; Mazzetti, Mark; Barnes, Julian E. (11 April 2020). "He Could Have Seen What Was Coming: Behind Trump's Failure on the Virus". New York Times. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 April 2020. Besoek op 16 April 2020.
  23. ↑ Dilanian, Ken; Kube, Courtney (16 April 2020). "U.S. intel community examining whether coronavirus emerged accidentally from a Chinese lab". NBC News. Besoek op 16 April 2020.
  24. ↑ Reed, John (19 Maart 2020). "The economic case for ending wildlife trade hits home in Vietnam". Financial Times. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 Maart 2020. Besoek op 4 April 2020.
  25. ↑ Palmer, James (27 Januarie 2020). "Don't Blame Bat Soup for the Coronavirus". Foreign Policy. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 1 April 2020. Besoek op 3 April 2020.
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